Elkhorn Debate Tournament
2016 — NE/US
PFjudges Paradigm List
All Paradigms: Show Hidethey/them pronouns.
First year policy coach at Millard South, fourth year in debate.
TW/CW's are a must for cases that talk about sexual violence.
If you or your team partakes in/employs individuals that have a history of sexual assault infractions, rape or rape apologism, you will be dropped immediately on principle. No exceptions. Strike me if that's a problem.
Generally a k judge. I don't buy nuclear war/extinction impacts. I will vote for policy affirmatives/disads/counterplans if everything is well articulated and the impacts are extended well. I have no problem with ROB/ROJ arguments, I love performances as long as they aren't used just to win a round. I hate framework and topicality, I think these arguments generally tend to be violent, especially when used against k's.
The only time I'll interject in a round is if something violent/abusive is being said (comments towards other debaters, stealing prep, slurs/exclusive language, etc). I don't care about foul language lol you do you, it isn't my place to police your language.
Basically just explain your stuff thoroughly. Give me reasons to vote for you. Impacts and links are suuuuUuUuuUuUUper important. Be nice.
- prefer flashing over email chains, I'm fine with tag team cx as long as it isn't against someone who is mav, I'll keep a running clock if my phone isn't dead but it probably is. Will probably need flow paper.
I'm a fourth year judge. Speed is acceptable. Make sure that you flow through, or I won't consider it. If you make an assertion, mostly likely I'm going to need some evidence that that is true unless you can find a logic that would make your analysis true.
I'm going to take the evidence that the Congress or the executive wants to do something on very flimsy basis unless you can show support that it is mostly likely going to pass through both branches.
To start off, I was a PF debater for 3 years and I am currently a coach for Millard West.
I debated on both the Nebraska Circuit and National Circuit so, for the second rebuttal I don't really mind what you do as long as you effectively sign-post. I'm not great with speed, but I can understand speed that is faster than a regular conversation.
I fully support the use of framework in a round. It makes it very easy for both sides and the judge to be on the same page. The most important thing is that you continue to pull that framework through the round not only by reminding me of it, but by tying everything that you do back to that framework. If your opponent sets forth a framework, even something like "I always win because I'm me so you must vote for my team," and you don't respond to it, I will use it to decide who wins the round.
As far as evidence, I will ask for any card that either team continually questions or tells me to pull. It's best to tell me the author's name of the card and/or the claim that they are making with the card in any speech. I am more than willing to ask for evidence that wasn't questioned in the round but, unless the evidence is very different than the claim made, I won't necessarily drop the argument.
I am totally fine with "sas" but I don't like people being overly aggressive. I understand that some aggression is natural, but pointing that aggression directly at your opponents (accusing them of "whining," yelling over them in crossfire, etc.) will lose you speaker points.
Speaker Points:
A 28 is where you start and then either go up or down. A 30 means you were able to speak well and that you kept my attention while speaking. A 26 means something went wrong and I'll definitely tell you about it in my RFD.
Feel free to ask any questions before or after the round. The feedback is entirely for you so nothing that is said after the 2nd FF will sway my decision at all. The only thing that can sway my decision after a round is if evidence has been misused.
Respect and decorum. Don't talk over your opponent, don't talk/pack up while they're speaking. Cross isn't for arguing.
Public Forum
In Public Forum I expect well-explained links into arguments and detailed analysis. It isn't enough to slap down a card and tell me that the evidence is newer/weighted more--explain why your evidence is better or better applied. Quality of contentions is better than quantity; I'd rather have you do a few things well than have many points with shallow reasoning and analysis. Speed is not a problem as long as you are very clear, but if it even gets close to spreading or if you have poor enunciation you will be in trouble. Maintain round decorum at all times; this includes giving trigger warnings where appropriate and providing alternative arguments if someone asks you not to use a triggering argument. Also, some judges like snappy or passive-aggressive CX, but I am not one of those judges. You don't get points for being a jerk. Be genuinely kind while remaining firm and you will get better speaker points from me.
Public Forum in not Lincoln-Douglas. Framework is possible, but do not make it the centerpiece of your case. I judge on evidence and impacts, not abstract theories and possibilities. Also, observations that are on the cusp of abuse do not sit well with me; Debate must be debatable.
While identity politics are important and can inform a round, do not rely on them exclusively. Belonging to a particular group does not absolve the burden of your side in the round, nor does it give you an automatic advantage. Rely on your case and evidence; if an argument is offensive it is fine to point that out, but you must explain to me why that matters in the larger scheme of the round.
Lincoln-Douglas
In Lincoln-Douglas I look for contentions that link well with the framework and a detailed analysis and explanation of the framework. I am more familiar with traditional value and criterion-based frameworks, but as long as you do a good job of explaining your case to me I can usually keep up. I do enjoy high theory or off-the-wall cases and kritiks, but only if you explain the reasoning clearly to me. If I can't understand the framework due to a lack of explanation, I will have to default to my own reasoning in the world of the round in order to judge. Also, while I believe Debate is an intellectual game, I can also believe that my ballot can have a role if you lay out a good reason for that clearly for me.
Please be very respectful of your opponent in round. Some people love to get snippy in CX or throw out little jabs, but I hate that. For better speaker points from me, be polite but firm. You don't get points for being a jerk.
Spreading is risky, as you must be very clear to make sure I can follow you; for reference, what would be considered "fast" for PF would be a comfortable pace for me. Anything faster I will still probably be able to catch most of it, but if you want to do well without risk, you will speak at a pace I can easily understand.
LAST UPDATED: NOV. 4, 2023
My previous paradigm preferences are four years old at this point and likely outdated. I have deleted them for now.
I am likely much, much worse at flowing these days than I was when judging all the time. I have been a tournament tab resident for years on end now, and that likely means I'm not as up to date on new progressive developments in rounds.
Here's what I'll say:
- Don't treat me like I'm a dummy, but don't presume I understand everything you're saying. I need you to do the work of explaining arguments, articulating impacts, and explicitly weighing within the round.
- I expect that a PF team going 2nd will have a rebuttal that both answers the opponent's case and rebuilds their own. Any argument not addressed in the 2nd team's rebuttal is a conceded argument, and if the first team makes it a voter, that's likely ballgame (assuming there is offense on the argument for the 1st team).
- I'm watching everything, but if you don't make it matter, it doesn't matter.
- In PF, I'm not going to break my back to follow you at a thousand miles an hour, so if you're fast, I'll give you one verbal "CLEAR" in the round to let you know you're leaving me behind. I will not feel at all responsible for what you might think is a bad decision if the way you're speaking disregards my ability/inability to follow and flow you.
- I expect clear and explicit voters in the final speeches.
- I'm not at all impressed by debaters who are jerks to opponents. This is a community, and everyone in it should be a steward of that community. Decorum, in extreme cases, is a voting issue for me, and I do consider my ballot my greatest means of discouraging outlandish and abusive behavior.
- I want full text reading of evidence, not paraphrasing. Upon the request of the opponent, cards not provided in a reasonable timeframe will be disregarded as if they don't exist.
If you have any specific questions, ask them pre-round.
Background
My debate background is four years in NSDA LD, four years in NFA LD, and four years of judging NFA LD. I work as a general practice attorney in Lincoln, Nebraska.
NFA LD Judging Paradigm
Stock Issues: The affirmative has the burden to prove inherency, solvency, harms, and topicality. If the affirmative fails to meet that burden, I will vote for the negative.
Terminal Defense: The affirmative has the burden to show that their plan has a propensity to achieve their advantages or ameliorate their harms scenario. I do not like try-or-die arguments.
Theory: I believe that showing potential abuse is enough to justify voting for a theory shell.
Topicality: I default to competing interpretations. Show why your interpretation of the resolution is correct and that your plan is topical. If the debaters determine that I should use a reasonability standard, I will determine whether I believe that someone’s interpretation is reasonable.
Speed: I prefer a pleasant conversational speed, and I will enforce the rules related to speed. Given that a conversational speed is subjective, I request that a debater who believes that their opponent is talking too fast to call “speed.” If a debater is requested to slow down and does not, I will vote them down.
Counterplans: I will enforce all NFA-LD rules related to counterplans including: burden to proven counterplan solvency, burden to prove competition with plan, prohibitions on multiple counterplans, prohibitions on inconsistent arguments with counterplans, and prohibitions on counterplans related to form of government, economic system, or need for further study.
Citations: I prefer debaters to provide full source citations the first time they read from a source.
Feel free to ask any additional questions before the round starts.
Ryan Wiegert- English Teacher/Debate Coach, Millard West
2 years judging PF, 1 year judging LD, 3 years judging Congress
Here is my overall paradigm, followed by changes for individual styles:
Speed of Delivery- I am strongly opposed to spreading and policy-style speed. While speaking at a clip is expected in a debate round, reading at “auctioneer” speeds occludes communication, games the system, and is frankly just irritating. I won't weigh anything I don't clearly hear.
Civility/Decorum- I absolutely expect politeness and civility in debate. You might still win the round, but I will be harsh on speaks.
Role of the judge/Meta- My role as a judge is to sign the ballot. That's all.
Kritiks- I usually just straight-up drop a k. I've made exceptions, but I would seriously recommend running an alternate case or using a strike on me.
---Specific Style Paradigms---
Congress:
While Congress has more of a delivery component than other debate styles, it still needs to involve debate. I need evidence, I need clash. After the initial authorship/first negation and maybe the first aff/neg exchange, the delivery style should be primarily extemporaneous and needs to address prior speeches directly. I grade repetitive/reheat speeches pretty harshly, unless they are summary/crystallization speeches. I'm not a fan of beating a dead horse, so when it's time to move the question, move it.
Public Forum:
I definitely subscribe to the idea that PF is supposed to be lay-accessible, and I encourage debaters to treat me like a lay judge despite the fact that I'm a coach. I'm not a fan of trying to win on technicalities and shenanigans.
I drop kritiks, plans/counterplans/topicality and any changing to the wording of the resolution.
The team that speaks second needs to address both the first team's case and rebuttal. This makes up for the advantage of having the last word in the round.
Extending your arguments is critical, and you have to extend them. I'm not going to do it for you. By the same token, if your opponents drop an argument, you need to call that out.
I like my summaries line by line. The final focus needs to include voters.
I don't flow cross-examination. That exchange is for the debaters to help develop the speeches which follow.
I do not weigh new arguments introduced in grad cross or later.
Lincoln-Douglas:
I tend to prefer traditional cases to the weird stuff. You can still win with the weird stuff, but you need to make sure I understand it.
Policy Style Arguments: I will drop you if your opponent runs even a basic LD style argument. If you want to do Policy debate, there's a whole division of the tournament for just that.
Lincoln-Douglas is the style of debate where I will accept theory and philosophy. Debaters in LD are not required to provide implementation.
I do not flow cross-examination in LD. Those exchanges are for you in preparation for the rebuttals to follow.
The aff debater cannot use the 2AR to "make up" for dropped arguments in the 1AR. The neg debater cannot introduce new arguments in the NR.
Don't speed. I cannot stress this enough. I won't flow what I don't understand.
I will drop you if you change even a single word of the resolution. I've seen this on cases lately and I'm not here for it. If you want to change the nature of the argument, you need to do that in framework.
The way to get my ballot is to show me how your value and criterion would improve the status quo, even if your better world is hypothetical.
I'm not a fan of trying to win on technicalities.
Dropped arguments need to have actual weight in order for me to consider voting on them.