Lake Oswego High School Invitational
2021 — NSDA Campus, OR/US
Synchronous Judges Paradigm List
All Paradigms: Show HideI am finally updating my paradigm after about six years of using this site!
Here's me in a nutshell:
1. Experience
* three years as a college Parli competitor in the NPDA; Parli team captain
* wrote master's thesis on "Characteristics and Impact of Superior Forensics Tournament Ballots"
* twelve years coaching experience at four private high schools in three different countries (U.S., China, Kuwait)
* coaches all formats except Policy
* team has earned state and national titles
2. General Preferences
* flow judge
* Some speed is okay.
* Off-time road maps are fine, but unnecessary. Honestly, I don't listen closely to them, and they never buy you enough extra time to actually make the difference in the outcome of a round.
* Don't electronically share your flow or case with me--this is an oral communication event. If you want me to hear something and know it, you need to say it.
* Things I highly value in all debates include: Clash, Impacts, Voting Issues. As a general rule of thumb, remember that whatever you say to me, you should make clear WHY you are saying it. How does this argument connect to the round as a whole? Why does it constitute a reason I should vote for you? How does it relate to what your opponents are saying? Etc. Please don't let your rounds turn into "two ships passing in the night." Grapple directly with the arguments made by your opponents, and make my decision easy at the end of the round.
3. Specific Preferences - Parli
* Ask each other lots of questions! There is a reason you are allowed to do this.
* GOV should provide sufficient resolutional analysis in the first few minutes of the PMC for all of us to know what type of round we are dealing with (policy, fact, value) and how the round will be decided at the end. Don't skimp on this part. If any terms in the resolution are ambiguous, define them.
* For resolutions of policy, talk about stock issues -- Harms, Plan, Solvency, DAs, etc. I will act as a policy maker.
* For resolutions of value, talk about value and criterion, then help me weigh these in the final two speeches.
* I am fond of creative/unique interpretations of resolutions. However, I will also vote on Topicality if OPP makes the argument well.
* Counterplans are fun but are often misused.
* Kritiks very seldom win my ballot. Proceed with caution.
* I dislike generic off-case arguments. The arguments you make should be ones that you and your partner have come up with during your prep time in response to the specific resolution you were provided. Please don't just read shells your coaches/captains have written for you, especially not if you don't really understand them.
I look for speeches that are clearly articulated at a normal pace, and arguments/statements that are well-explained that also expands on its impact.
I did mostly speech in middle school to high school, with only marginal experience in debate (most of it comes from helping my friends in their debate prep).
My main philosophy for debate and how to deal/prepare for judges comes from a quote from Bruno E. Jacob, one of the founders of the NSDA: "I should be able to take someone off the street and they should be able to come and judge a round. And if they aren't able to judge it, then we aren't doing something right." Thus, treat me as a lay judge. Which mostly means, as a baseline:
a) Be clear about your points. The way you convey the information, logically present the facts to tell a story, is just as important as the information itself
b) Be respectful and civil
c) I prefer to vote for an option that actually does something to solve a problem rather than argue technicality.
Background:
I debated on the Oregon circuit in LD and Parli. I am an open-minded judge and enjoy any type of argument.
Specifics:
- I'll mainly vote on the explicit voting arguments you make.
- Extend dropped arguments through to voters if you want me to vote on them!
- I'm alright with speed but will inevitably miss stuff if you get too fast! Absolutely make sure to slow down on tags.
Howdy! (this is a work in progress, please give me some time lol)
Ally/Allison Denton
Email: throw me on the email chain - ally.denton02@gmail.com thx!
Pronouns: she/her
Please note that I am a newer judge. I care that everyone has fun and is kind before anything else.
Before getting into everything, please be accessible and kind. Read trigger warnings and check with the other team and judge BEFORE the round starts. In high school, I dabbled with LD, and did okay in Congress for a year - but for my last two years I did Policy - and then I fell in love with K debate. If it helps, I was the 1A/2N. 99% of my rounds senior year ended with me going for afropess, cap, or some fun K that my partner and I found. I study philosophy in college. So have fun and make the round interesting! I do my best to flow and keep track of everything.
Policy notes
Please read your plan text BEFORE the 1AC or when your opponents ask. I do not care if it is a new aff. It is a way to be kind and accessible for your opponents. If you have to be squirrely, I question if your case is good. Anyways, do it or I will drop you.
As much as I understand spreading from a strategic standpoint, I still need to have some of an idea of what you're saying. I flow what I'm told to.
You're more than welcome to email me with any questions. Or just ask me before round.
Please be civil and clear in your speech. I'm not a fan of spreading or Kritiks. I appreciate clearly outlined contentions and organized arguments.
TL;DR: Don't be a dick, do whatever you want. I’ll evaluate the flow and I can hang.
Be respectful and don’t be racist, sexist, homophobic, etc. Off time orders are preferred, don’t thank me before you speak or shake my hand. I will evaluate the flow with very few caveats. Pronouns: he/him/his.
I did policy in high school and NPDA at the University of Oregon. My partner, Gabe, and I won the NPTE in 2022.
Preferences that matter for my decision
- Debate is a game
- Hard debate is good debate
- Lying won't get you very far, interpreting the truth will
- You will be auto dropped if you defend a bona fide Nazi
- Terminal no solvency is a voting issue, but takeouts are rarely terminal
- Nonfalsifiable arguments are probably in bad faith
- I default to magnitude first sans weighing
- Spirit of the interp is not real, write a better interp
- I default to competing interps but do not default to theory is a priori
- Topicality violations are not derived from solvency
- Collapsing is always better than not collapsing
- For the love of god extend the aff
- For the love of god answer the aff
Preferences that matter but less for my decision
- Theory is a cop out - if you're winning theory and substance go for substance
- Condo is good, PICs are justifiable if there are multiple topical affs, CP theory is far from a losing strat
- Perms are defense, collapsing to defense is suboptimal
- Going for RVIs is usually cowardice, cowardice is suboptimal
- Links of omission are weak
- Psychoanalysis is grounded in at best tautologies and at worst transphobia, you can win it but please be cautious
- Decolonization is not a metaphor
- Kritiks are a byproduct of good, nuanced, and educated debate; the existence of ks is good for the activity
- I have yet to hear a compelling flow-based 'spreading bad' argument
- Anthropogenic climate change is real as are extinction risks
- Science is a very useful ideology
- Lit based alts are better than alts you made up
HS Parli specific:
Spread if you can, don't if you can't. I will protect, but call POOs when you think necessary.
Parli is not a "common knowledge" format simply because of limited prep. I will not vote on something "germane" to the topic over something "not germane" to the topic absent an argument on the flow. I evaluate what is germane to the debate; if an impact stems from the action of an advocacy or the resolution, it is probably germane.
CARD specific:
CARD is a format built around accessibility and subject matter education. I will base my RFD on who wins the flow and all preferences above apply, but it is my job to ensure that cordiality, access, and educational value are maintained. In practice, this means I will be extra cognizant of proven abuse/reasonability, power tagging, overt rudeness in cross-x, and smart use of the evidence packet. It’s still debate – don’t pull punches, but at least make sure everyone in the room is having a good time.
Any questions about either my paradigm or my decision email me at skydivingsimians@gmail.com
Parli/POFO: Just ask me in round, I don't have much to say about either of these even though I did them the most. Basic things are: I like signposting, impact calc, plans/cps, coherent policy solutions, and mutual respect. Things I don't like: K's (never ever ever ever run a K in parli with me, if you do, it's a guaranteed loss.) Seriously, I will mark the ballot for the other team the second I hear one. theory, and PICs.
LD: Here are some basic things that I want to see/ don't want to see. But first, my philosphy as a judge. I am a policy making judge plain and simple. Take that as you will. If you think that your out of the box policy solution will work, then by all means run it. If you can convince me, past my better judgement, that nuking China will provide solvency, then you kind of deserve to win. I have been convinced by things like that, and I've run them myself. NO K's. Not now, not ever. You don't need to run a K if your opponent is being racist, I can probably tell. Just make sure to make it known how you feel, and I will weigh that. It doesn't need to be a completely formal arg. Theory is ok if you know how to do it. It's unlikely that it'll be weighed heavily on my ballot. Not a flow judge. I flow, but it isn't a huge part of my ballot. Just make sure to sign post and do some impact calc. If you do no impact calc, I'll go with whatever the most likely impact is, not the greatest magntitude. Please do some clear values and criterion, they're important.
TLDR;
I don’t like progressive debate (I won’t drop someone on this alone, but you run a severe risk with me if you choose to go off the rails.)
I do like traditional debate (take that as you will) and policy making. I’m a policy making judge and nothing would make me happier than if you accommodate. I do have a stomach for outlandish policy if you can prove to me it’s the most advantageous vote in your specific round. Want to nuke the moon? Fine, just prove to me that it is the best option in THIS round.
I DON’T LIKE K’s AND I WON’T WEIGH THEM
I do like proper decorum. Adjust to your round though if it’s an outlandish topic, I will be more inclined to accept outlandish behavior in those situations. In fact, I’d prefer it. Keep it respectful and NEVER get personal or even give the impression of a personal issue being formed. All debate happens in hypothetical spaces, keep that in mind if you start to feel strongly during a round.
If you have any questions after a round or if you want to threaten me after I drop you, email me. kanenmcreynolds@gmail.com
I am a parent judge with some training and 5 years of state level experience (Oregon) . I have also judged at the Middle School National Competition in 2019, several TOC during 2020-21, and Congress at the High School Nationals in 2022. I will listen closely to the arguments you make and try to evaluate the round based on what I hear. Please do not speak too fast as I may be unable to keep up. If you are making technical arguments, please explain them at the level that an intelligent, but unfamiliar person may require. - I expect you to time yourselves and each other. - Refrain from being rude to each other (I have never seen this occur in any round I have ever judged or observed).
Public Forum debate is not designed to be a talk as fast as you can debate. It is designed to be spoken at a clear and reasonable rate and pace. As a newer judge I want to be able to keep up with the debate.
Include me on the evidence chain: myhre_joshua@salkeiz.k12.or.us
I have experience with several different kinds of debate, including policy, LD, public forum, and parli. I debated in policy throughout high school and some in college.
I am out of practice with flowing speed. There's not a lot of fast policy debate in my region. I appreciate slowing down and clear articulation on taglines as well as theory/framework arguments. I'll say "clear" twice and then stop flowing if you don't oblige.
I am willing to listen to any form of argument - I have no particular bias against kritiks or any kind procedurals.
Topicality - I have a bit of a higher threshold for voting on topicality. If you want to go for T then it needs to be a substantial part of your 2NR. I prefer competing interpretations but will default to reasonability unless you clearly articulate your impacts.
If you want to make theory an argument, I'm willing to listen. I can be convinced that conditionality is either good or bad depending on what happens in the round.
I tend to think K's are okay, although most debaters can never really tell me what the alt actually does. If you want to make a framework argument, then go for it.
Good impact analysis/comparison is essential for me to make an good decision.
Extra speaker point for whoever can make the most clever Dune reference.
I try to approach each debate as a blank slate. My position as a judge is not to impose my own idiosyncratic beliefs about "what debate should be" onto the round. Speed is not typically an issue, and if it is, I will say "clear." I am open to kritiks, counterplans, and whatever else you have, but I would observe that the most creative (or to be less generous, outlandish) argument is not always the most effective one.
Also, be polite.
If you have any additional questions or concerns, please let me know before the round.
For debate: quality over quantity for arguments (I'm allergic to spreading). If it's too fast for me to follow, I can't tell if it's a solid argument, so it means nothing to me. I'm more interested in engaging your opponent's arguments rather than tossing out a lot in hopes that an argument gets dropped.
I'll also say that maintaining clash in a debate is important to me. I am very unsympathetic to positions (counterplans, for example) that seek to evade the central issue in a resolution. Exploring positions that may not be popular or agree with your own opinions strikes me as one of the most valuable parts of debate, and you will do much better with me arguing those positions forcefully rather than trying to reframe a debate in terms that are more "comfortable."
For speech events, you still have to say something that is coherent and intelligible, but I have found that speeches that naturally vary in pace and tone keep me engaged much better than those that do not.
FWIW, I'm a science and math prof in my regular life. While I never competed in debate, I run lots of them with my students!
As a judge I expect debates to be civilized, organized and equitable. Competitors should walk in a room prepared and presentable. Organized and easy to understand, as well as follow arguments are a must. Speech and Debate is meant to be fun, it is not the place for pettiness or discriminatory language.
In regards to speech specific events, pieces should flow, be easy to understand and be entertaining. Understanding your source material is important. While I obviously am judging based on speaking capabilities, when it comes to breaking ties the entertainment value is the final breaking factor.
I am a parent judge with some training and experience.
Please do not speak too fast, as I may not be able to keep up with your arguments.
If you are making technical arguments, please make them at a level that an intelligent, but unfamiliar person may require.
All Debates:
Feel free to time yourself but my time counts!
I don't mind "Off Time Road Maps."
Looking for good organization with clear concise ideas supporting what you are trying to convey.
In LD and Public Forum; I don't like speed, this is not a sprint is a marathon of information make me understand.
Courtesy to Opponent (includes abusive behavior or interrupting the other team let them finish statement n questioning). In Parli when talking to your partner during presentation do it quietly not to interrupt the speaker.
In Parii my expectations have risen due to the use of internet. I am expecting good quality work and quoting of sources will be a must to support your contentions.
"Pretend I am dumb as a rock and educate me!"
My paradigms are few and fairly simple. This is partially for your own information as well as a way I can remind myself when asked in round.
1. I am a seasoned veteran in the space with competitive experience at the high school and college level. Roughly 5 years in total. I have been a full time judge for almost twice as long. So you can understand that I am able to understand most arguments and positions one may choose to run in a given round. With that in mind certain position pertaining to theory or K shells I would rather not see in events outside CX. If a parli round does involve a Counter plan or a T sheet of some kind, I can roll with it as long as it is well explained and reasonably fits in the scope of the resolution.
2. Given my experience you may think that I can keep up with speed. Mind you I can but it is not something I particularly care for. What I like to hear is well thought out and warranted points that best describe your position. I'd much rather see 2 fleshed out contentions rather than 5 blippy ones you hope to out-spread your opponents on. Along side this if (Pertaining to everything not Parli) if you have a card and you read it, explain what you just read or how it connects to the overall thesis of the contention/argument. Don't just read a study or a statistic and expect the judge to do the work for you.
3. In cases where a definition or the value criterion/weighing mechanism is a point of clash, I want to see good argumentation explaining why I need to prefer your side over the other. DO NOT assert that you are in the right for one shallow reason or another. Explain why the debate should be looked the lens you believe it should. On the same page, if you have a value you want considered, try to tie your case back to it. IE, when explaining the impacts of the case show or reference it is the more utilitarian or more just impact. You get the idea.
4. -LD can disregard- I believe partner-style debate to be exactly that, a partner/team sport. So if you wish to confer with your partner at any time at all during the course of the debate, fine. I encourage it. That being said, please be advised I only flow and focus on the words coming out of the currently timed speaker's mouth. Meaning if your partner says something to you or helps you answer a question during cross that is fine, but if the speaker does not audible say it, I will not care and likely disregard the comment. Therefore, make sure you and your partner are communicating effectively to make sure all cases notes are properly presented.
5. When is comes to question and answer periods (cross examination or questions in parli) REFRAIN from making any argumentative statements/questions. Any and all questions should be purely clerical in nature. Meaning, please limit your question to matters pertaining to explanation of statements made by the opposing side. If you want to ask about mechanics of a plan or to explain a point more, that is fine. Along the same line, please keep question periods civil. Do not step over your opponent until they have finished their answer. Lastly I do not flow during cross examination periods. If there was something brought up in those moments you want to be addressed, bring them to my attention during your time.
6. Simply put. BE. COURTEOUS. I cannot stress how much I despise overly hateful rhetoric, calling out the other team in a demeaning way, and just overall cockiness. Be kind, be conversational, be nice. No calling the other team racist, no blaming groups of people for current global crisises, no homophobia. Makes sense? It should.
7. -Parli only- With the dawn of internet prep I think it is more incumbent on the competitors to have some evidence. Now granted evidence does not win debates and I won't take a lack of evidence as a reason to prefer. That being said I expect more fleshed out contentions and hopefully a stronger debate. If you can provide evidence and leverage that as a voter cool. I really would like to hear at least one full citation from each side.
If you have anything more specific to ask in round, be my guest. I will answer straightforward and honestly.
1. About me
I did LD, extemp, congress, and a few other events in high school, so I'm familiar with this setting. I'm a student at UO studying political science, and if you have any questions about scholarships, college applications, etc. feel free to ask me after the round! I'm here to help and you asking questions won't impact my ballot.
2. General preferences
Debate is a competition in logic and public speaking, an educational exercise. Don't spread. This isn't a test on my listening speed.
Judges will probably vote for you if you make their job easy! Signposting, road mapping, explicit links and impacts, clear voters, etc. -- walk us through your reasoning. If your opponent drops an argument, uses a fallacy, misinterprets evidence, says something during CX you want to capitalize on, TELL US. I will mark down logical mistakes I notice, but won't use them in my decision if you don't point them out. Again, clarity is everything.
Clash is more than repeating your arguments and just saying they're better. Claims need warrants.
Off-time roadmaps are fine, but keep it quick. If someone tries to begin their arguments off the clock we all get annoyed.
If you use a kritik, you need to show it's unique to this topic or round, instead of this being your way to avoid writing a new case.
Quick note on etiquette: it's in informal rule to not speak directly to your opponent except in CX. Address your judge and say "my opponent said..." or use their preferred pronouns.
I'm tabula rasa in the sense that I work to not allow my own political beliefs, philosophical frameworks, and policy opinions to cloud my decision. I'm not tabula rasa in the sense of ignoring reality. Some things are inherently bad and not everything leads to nuclear war.
3. Event-specific preferences
LD: Got to love a framework debate. Even if you agree on value, VC, and definitions, then clash on who upholds the framework better! Don't be lazy and forget to mention your value after the first speech.
Parli: The structure of the round depends on the type of resolution. Don't bring a plan to a value debate! Tackling a policy resolution with just a one-sentence plan is a tragedy! You get the idea. Also, if your opponent wants to ask a question while you're speaking and you ask them to wait to the end of your speech, remember to follow through with that.
PF: This debate style was created to be judge-able by anyone regardless of debate experience, so do keep that in mind.
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Good luck, be kind, and props to you for doing this! :D
About Me: I have been engaged with speech and debate since 1993. I competed in policy/standard debate, Lincoln-Douglas, and Congress. I now find myself as a parent, coach, and judge. I hold speech and debate as one of the most important activities youth participate in. I do not separate speech from debate, and this is important if you want to win my ballot. Debate, to me, is an exercise in logic and rhetoric. With that, here are the items I am looking for.
1. For value debates (e.g., LD, Oregon parli sometimes, most resolutions in congress, etc.) – I am more of a traditionist: to me a value debate is more about a clash of philosophical concepts and ways to look at the world. I do not like seeing policy in an LD debate or in value-based parli resolutions. I want to hear the why before we move to the how.
2. I like to see a solid framework. I want to hear clearly stated values. Tell me how I, as a judge, should weigh the round and why it matters. Definitions can make/break a round for me. If there is clash on a definition, I will track it, but I don’t want the whole round to be a definitions debate. That said, I am not a fan of esoteric mid-19th century definitions that totally change the entire meaning of a term. I am willing to entertain Ts here, but they best be good.
a. Public Forum – for Oregon tournaments, please refer to the OSAA handbook 13.2.8. Plans or counterplans are not permitted in this debate format. Do not present them.
b. Oregon Parli – you are allowed to use a dictionary. It is the one thing you are allowed to use, so please – USE IT!
3. The contentions need to flow through the framework and to the value. If the impact of a contention is massive, but it is never linked back to the framework and value, I will struggle to see how it fits into the winning criterion or weighing mechanism.
4. Value criterion and weighing mechanisms should allow either side to win the round. I will most likely not award a VC/WM that I determine to be abusive, but I need to hear clash on it. If the opponent accepts a blatantly abusive VC, then that is what I will use.
5. Please don't be lazy with how you use values or VC/WM.
6. Impact is really important. I want to hear you link the impact back to the value and how it adds weight.
7. Voters – this is where you need to finish the deal with me. Tell me why you won, walk me through it, and give it to me in simple terms. This is where you bring it all back and explain to my how the case provides the most weight to the value – you have to sell it.
8. I am flowing the round, and I will use the flow for aiding me in determining who won the round. That said, I like a round where I don’t have to flow. Give me a clear path/roadmap (no off-time roadmaps however), signpost as you move along, and don’t bounce all over the place. If I am having a hard time following your case/speech odds are my flow won’t match yours, and your flow notes aren’t going to be used to determine who won the round.
a. In public forum rounds, I shouldn’t have to flow. The format was designed to allow the average adult to walk on into the room, know nothing about debate, and be able to decide who won the round.
b. If an argument is dropped and properly identified as being dropped then in almost all circumstances that contention will flow to the opponent.
c. Rhetoric is often broken down into logos, pathos, and ethos. I want to be persuaded by the winning side, so keep in mind that I will be looking across the three. If a competitor is all evidence with little explanation or connection with the audience, then competitor will have a hard time persuading me. If it is all emotion without logic then it won’t go well. All the confidence in the world shouldn’t be the reason that a case wins.
d. Do not use logical fallacies. I will note on my flow when one is used, and if the opponent is able to identify the fallacy in a clear and concise way, the argument will most likely go to the opponent. Granted – if you call out your opponent for using a fallacy and you either are wrong or use the fallacy-fallacy, that won’t bode well.
10. I have yet to hear a competitor spread that is able to deliver on pathos or ethos. If I am handed a case where I may read along since the speaking will be screeching along at Mach 10, then I question the live nature of the event.
a. Note: yes, I can keep up with spreading and read along, but I should not have to. Again – I expect quality over quantity.
11. In most instances I am leery of Ts and Ks. May you use them with me? Yes, but they need to setup correctly and they ought to be relevant. I also take them seriously, so if you are arguing that your opponent is being abusive here and now, you have my attention. If the argument and/or accusation is generic and used simply as a tool to get a win, odds are you just lost the argument and potentially the round. Be careful with what you are saying – words matter in the real world.
12. I am not a tabula rasa judge. There is some common knowledge. Not everything leads to nuclear war (sorry, I just have a hard time with most, not all, nuclear war arguments). Please don’t ask me to suspend belief.
13. Be nice, and while this may seem obvious it isn’t always (note – I find that most debaters are very nice).
14. Avoid debate jargon. I don’t want to hear about how the aff dropped the negs NC1 during the 1AR, it doesn’t flow, blah blah blah. Go back to my points on rhetoric. Walk a non-S&D person through it.
Hello,
I have been judging and coaching since 2016, before that I was a competitor in high school. My day job is a compliance director and pre-kindergarten teacher . My paradigms are pretty simple. In debate I vote by flow, show me the link chain, connections, and how your evidence or case is stronger than your opponent. If you provide a frame work, carry it through the round. I do not like spreading and super fast speaking, slow down and annunciation your words. Debate is still a speaking event, show off your public speaking skills . My pet peeve is interrupting opponents and rude manners, such as mumbling rude comments, if you ask a question, wait for a reply before moving on. Keep your comments to the case not other students. In IE events, I am looking for annunciation, smooth pace of speaking, use of gestures and showing a varied range of emotions. Best of luck in your rounds, feel free to ask any questions.
I did not participate in speech or debate in high school.
I value organized and logical argumentation. Apply your argument, logic or theory to the facts of the topic.
I value the clear expression of ideas. The intent should be to communicate to your audience, not spray out as many arguments & points as you can. I do not do spread.
I value the targeted rebuttal of your opponents idea's.
I value respectful behavior. If I believe the intent of a question is merely to interrupt or knock your opponent of their stride and not a legitimate question, I will penalize such a question.
I do not want to hear debate about debate. Debate the resolution.
Lay judge.
This is my daughter's third year competing, so I have moderate judging experience in speech and debate events.
For debate: Please do not spread. Signposting is extremely helpful. Make sure that you are creating the arguments for me. Clearly lay out your impacts and tell me exactly why I should vote for you. I won't flow cross but I will be listening. Time yourselves. I will value tech over truth for the most part but avoid making far-fetched arguments.
For speech: I value good speaking style and originality.
Overall, be kind and courteous and have fun!
I did Cross-Examination (CX) debate four years in high school and a semester in college. I judged CX and LD for 4-5 years. That means I'll be flowing, and I'll appreciate debaters who do a good job of signposting where they are on the flow and who structure their arguments around the flow's structure.
Coming from a CX background, I'm primarily interested in how debaters use facts, logic, and analysis. Appeals to values can work, but they're more effective if they're grounded in facts and there's some effort to quantify them. Mere questions (e.g., "How can we be sure this will work?") are not arguments and won't get far with me. (Rhetorical questions, as part of an actual argument, are fine and often persuasive. Asking a question in order to get a clarification is also fine. But if a debater asserts "X is true", the stronger response is "X is not true" or "That's true but irrelevant/less important than this other point...", not "But do we really know if X is true?" unless you've got some actual reason or evidence to suggest it isn't.) Finally, be confident that I'll assess the facts and analysis as they are argued within the debate rather than in accordance with my own views of the question. I have routinely voted for teams arguing for positions I disagree with because they did a better job of presenting their side of the case.
Generally, I apply a Cost-Benefit Analysis to the arguments, at least for policy-based resolutions. Which policy, as presented within the round, has a better outcome? This tends to make 'stock issues' less important as voting issues per se. If I decide that Negative has demonstrated that the plan will only achieve 20% solvency, I give Affirmative credit for solving only 20% of the problem--but if that's still a better result than what Negative has offered, Affirmative can still carry the day. However, I am willing to entertain arguments about how I should base my decision. If a team wins an argument to the effect that I really ought to be voting on some other reasonable basis, I'll judge using that basis instead. (Be advised that any substitute basis needs to be reasonable and conducive to fair competition and that you need to define it clearly.)
In the later speeches, I really want to see debaters tell me why they think their team has won. Don't just make the winning argument--tell me WHY that is the winning argument. Tell me why that other point the other team keeps making shouldn't trump your argument. Imagine that you're helping me write the ballot.
Finally...have fun and be courteous to each other. If you're really crushing the other team, it doesn't do you any good to be mean-spirited about it. The number of times I've voted against a team that had otherwise won a debate because they were unbearably mean is very, very low...but it's not zero.
Some background: I did four years of high school debate- both lay debate and nat circuit focusing on mostly LD.
Include me on your email chain please: helenawehr@outlook.com
Speed:
I’m okay with spreading, but please make sure you speak clearly, if I can’t understand what you’re saying I won’t flow it. Better slow than sorry.
Kritiks:
Kritiks are fine, just don’t assume I have any comprehensive understanding of the philosophy- especially if it’s more obscure, and make sure you actually know what you’re talking about. Also, make sure your kritik has solid impacts, when it comes down to a wash between policy versus in round impacts, I’m more likely to favor policy.
In general: I mostly liked policy debate, that's definitely what I prefer. I'm fine with theory. Mainly, just be organized and don't be rude.
If you are a novice - please do not feel pressure to fill time just because you have run out of things to say. It is much better to end your speech early and leave time on the table than to fill time just for the sake of filling time by repeating arguments you or your partner has already read.
General debate: I judge primarily on the flow. If you're talking too fast that I can't write your arguments down, or if you are not properly sign posting to where I should write that argument, I might not be able to vote on it. I do not intervene. I sometimes write "consider this argument next time" on ballots, but I won't make links or impacts for you, you need to be explicitly clear.
I don't flow questioning periods - if you're trying to make a point, you need to so directly on the flow (with internal sign posting) and use your opponent's answer as the warrant for that argument.
I often do not vote in favor of Ks and would rather see those types of arguments structured as a DA if the K is on the resolution. The only exception to this general guideline is if one team is uniquely offensive in round and you're running the K against something specifically said or done by your opponent.
Parli: I judge parli from a policy perspective. This means that for a policy resolution ("given actor" should "given action) I like formal structure (plantext, CPs, DAs, solvency press, etc) and for a value resolution, it means that I want to know what are the real world consequences of voting in a certain way? For example, if you want me to vote that "liberty should be valued above safety" tell me what natural policies consequences will follow and the impacts of those.
LD: I rarely cast my ballot based on the framework debate alone. I put more weight on the contention level. In general, I have a strong preference in favor for traditional LD over progressive LD.
PF: I like to see your analysis in your evidence. Please do not just quote an author, but explain how what this author said relates to the argument in your specific case. I often ask to read evidence myself, so please have full articles available for context, with your specific source highlighted or indicated.
I have a background in policy debate, so that means that I like structure and specific impacts. Other than that, I am pretty tabula rasa. Please tell me how you win this debate with discussions of burdens and weighing mechanisms. In Oregon Parliamentary, I am not a huge fan of Ks because I do not think you have enough time to prepare one properly, but I will vote on one if the opp links into it hard, like you can show me how they are specifically being sexist, racist, trans/homophobic, etc.
I've judged multiple Parli rounds including some rounds on the national circuit. I likeb analysis more than speed and breadth. Rebuttal speeches should articulate in simple term. The debaters should stay calm, even and respectful.